Parry Judith; Sarah Fox, Kathryn Rudge, Toby Spence, Henry Waddington, Crouch End Festival Chorus, London Mozart Players, William Vann; Chandos
Reviewed by Robert Hugill on 13 March 2020 Star rating: 5.0 (★★★★★)
Parry's influential oratorio finally makes it to disc in a terrific performance from the forces who performed it last year at the Royal Festival Hall
The great success of the 1846 premiere of Mendelssohn's oratorio Elijah at the Birmingham Festival of 1846 cast a long shadow on music in Britain. The structure of Mendelssohn's work became the model for a whole series of oratorios so that it is not surprising that when Hubert Parry was asked to write a work for the 1888 festival, Mendelssohn's work should figure in the calculations. Though Parry would write a significant amount of music for the theatre, he only every tried opera once and that essay, Guenever was turned down by Carl Rosa in 1886. Perhaps an element of frustrated opera composer can also be detected in the dramatic oratorio that Parry would write for Birmingham.
The resulting work, Judith was a success with numerous performances in the 19th century, this tailed off in the 20th and somehow Parry's reputation never really recovered. Whilst his symphonic output has been in the CD catalogues for some time and his songs are now being fully explored [see my reviews of his English Lyrics, Songs of Farewell and complete string quartets], his oratorios have been slower to be recovered. Thankfully this is beginning to change, and this new disc of Hubert Parry's Judith from Chandos records was recorded after the same forces gave a live performance at the Royal Festival Hall in 2019 [see my review].
For this premiere recording of Hubert Parry's Judith, William Vann conducts the London Mozart Players and the Crouch End Festival Chorus with Toby Spence as Manasseh, King of Israel, Kathryn Rudge as Meshullemeth, his wife, Sarah Fox as Judith, and Henry Waddington as the High Priest of Moloch and the Messenger of Holofernes.
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| Judith slaying Holofernes by Artemisia Gentileschi, 1614–18 |
Parry's sources for the libretto were both the story of Judith's beheading of Holofernes, a story which cropped up in works by Mozart and by Vivaldi, and also the story of King Manasseh who reintroduced polytheistic worship into Israel. In conflating the two, Parry was following the theories of an 18th century theologian, Humphrey Prideaux, but he also gave himself a story which had similar elements to
Elijah, a ruler of Israel who has turned away from God, a test which is first failed but then a change happens, and a final exploit. There is sufficient difference between the two works to provide contrast, but in the overall structure of
Judith we can detect the influence of
Elijah. And Parry's text is highly sympathetic to his commissioners and their desire for a Biblical oratorio, the final scene which is devoted to 'The Exploit of Judith' keeps the attempted seduction and beheading off-stage.
In style, Parry does not completely avoid the English tendency towards the four-square, but his operatic leanings are also apparent and scenes such as the opening one have a such a clear dramatic urgency that you wish Parry had taken this further. Another, perhaps, surprising element to the work's make-up is Wagner; Parry's admiration for German music was profound and there are occasional elements here which seem to come from Wagner.
Judith's best claim to fame is that Meshullemeth's aria 'Long since in Egypt's plenteous land' gave rise to the hymn tune
Repton ('Dear Lord and Father of all man kind'). This is, to a certain extent, a red herring as Parry's style is not naturally a melodious one. This is not a work where you come away singing the tunes, instead he provides a very flexible and highly dramatic structure, wonderfully coloured and inflected by the orchestral writing, creating a highly sophisticated piece. What you cannot fail to detect significant pre-echoes of Elgar's oratorios such as
The Dream of Gerontius (1900), making it clear that for all Elgar's particular genius, his writing did not come out of nowhere. There are other pre-echoes too, it is clear that whilst
Judith has not been around for a lot of the 20th century, many British composers were familiar with the work and the idiom!